文章目录
  1. 1. CocoaPods是什么？
  2. 2. CocoaPods安装
    1. 2.1. 第一步：
    2. 2.2. 第二步：
    3. 2.3. 第三步：
  3. 3. 升级CocoaPod
  4. 4. CocoaPods使用
  5. 5. 为自己的项目创建 podspec 文件
  6. 6. 使用私有的 pods

CocoaPods是什么？

  1. 说这么一个现场，如果要引用第三方类库是不是要把他拖进项目引用或者copy，如果第三方类库更新了，你是不是又要重新应用更新啊？答案是肯定的。

  2. 另外一种情况，如果项目过大，且项目中有很多相对独立的功能，分工到不同人的手中维护升级开发，最后整合项目（其实可把他们看作第三方类库），是不是也会遇到copy或者引用的问题。

以上两点会导致，遇到更改就要换代码换文件，如果你的项目就一个，可以很轻松换掉，如果是10个 ，100个….估计就该抱怨了，cocoapods一个链接就搞定了，可以很好提高效率，同时有利于分工协作。

今天把cocoapods安装过程总结分享给大家。

CocoaPods安装

第一步：

安装CocoaPods之前，首先要在本地安装好Ruby环境。（ruby安装 https://ruby-china.org/wiki/install_ruby_guide）

安装ruby过程如下：

首先确保已经安装Xcode的 Command Line Tools

然后再打开终端输入：

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/usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"
sudo chown -R $(whoami):admin /usr/local
brew install ruby

第二步：

当执行成功后，在终端输入：

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sudo gem install -n /usr/local/bin cocoapods

发现没有反映，别急换个方法：

如果发现报：Could not find a valid gem ‘cocoapods’ (>= 0) in any repository 别急，这个问题说明是你的gem版本过旧了 (没有报错此步骤可以跳过)

请尽可能用比较新的 RubyGems 版本，建议 2.6.x 以上。

在终端先输入：

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gem update --system  # 有可能需要翻墙
gem -v

重新打开终端输入：

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gem sources --add https://gems.ruby-china.org/ --remove https://rubygems.org/

会返回：

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https://gems.ruby-china.org/ added to sources
https://rubygems.org/ removed from sources

检测一下在终端输入：

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gem sources -l

得到如下：

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*** CURRENT SOURCES ***
https://gems.ruby-china.org/

确保只有 gems.ruby-china.org

第三步：

再次输入：

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sudo gem install -n /usr/local/bin cocoapods

等待几十秒会返回：

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Fetching: multi_json-1.10.1.gem (100%)  
Successfully installed multi_json-1.10.1  
Fetching: activesupport-3.2.19.gem (100%)  
Successfully installed activesupport-3.2.19  
Fetching: nap-0.8.0.gem (100%)  
Successfully installed nap-0.8.0  
Fetching: json_pure-1.8.1.gem (100%)  
Successfully installed json_pure-1.8.1  
Fetching: fuzzy_match-2.0.4.gem (100%)  
Successfully installed fuzzy_match-2.0.4  
Fetching: cocoapods-core-0.33.1.gem (100%)  
Successfully installed cocoapods-core-0.33.1  
Fetching: claide-0.6.1.gem (100%)  
Successfully installed claide-0.6.1  
Fetching: colored-1.2.gem (100%)  
Successfully installed colored-1.2  
Fetching: xcodeproj-0.17.0.gem (100%)  
Building native extensions.  This could take a while...  
[!] You are using the prebuilt binary version of the xcodeproj gem.  
Successfully installed xcodeproj-0.17.0  
Fetching: cocoapods-downloader-0.6.1.gem (100%)  
Successfully installed cocoapods-downloader-0.6.1  
Fetching: cocoapods-plugins-0.2.0.gem (100%)  
Successfully installed cocoapods-plugins-0.2.0  
Fetching: cocoapods-try-0.3.0.gem (100%)  
Successfully installed cocoapods-try-0.3.0  
Fetching: netrc-0.7.7.gem (100%)  
Successfully installed netrc-0.7.7  
Fetching: cocoapods-trunk-0.1.4.gem (100%)  
Successfully installed cocoapods-trunk-0.1.4  
Fetching: escape-0.0.4.gem (100%)  
Successfully installed escape-0.0.4  
Fetching: open4-1.3.4.gem (100%)  
Successfully installed open4-1.3.4  
Fetching: cocoapods-0.33.1.gem (100%)  
  
CHANGELOG:  
  
## 0.33.1  
  
##### Bug Fixes  
  
* Fix `pod spec lint` for `json` podspecs.    
  [Fabio Pelosin][irrationalfab]  
  [#2157](https://github.com/CocoaPods/CocoaPods/issues/2157)  
  
* Fixed downloader issues related to `json` podspecs.    
  [Fabio Pelosin][irrationalfab]  
  [#2158](https://github.com/CocoaPods/CocoaPods/issues/2158)  
  
* Fixed `--no-ansi` flag in help banners.    
  [Fabio Pelosin][irrationalfab]  
  [#34](https://github.com/CocoaPods/CLAide/issues/34)  
  
Successfully installed cocoapods-0.33.1  
Parsing documentation for multi_json-1.10.1  
Installing ri documentation for multi_json-1.10.1  
Parsing documentation for activesupport-3.2.19  
unable to convert "\x80" from ASCII-8BIT to UTF-8 for lib/active_support/values/unicode_tables.dat, skipping  
Installing ri documentation for activesupport-3.2.19  
Parsing documentation for nap-0.8.0  
Installing ri documentation for nap-0.8.0  
Parsing documentation for json_pure-1.8.1  
Installing ri documentation for json_pure-1.8.1  
Parsing documentation for fuzzy_match-2.0.4  
Installing ri documentation for fuzzy_match-2.0.4  
Parsing documentation for cocoapods-core-0.33.1  
Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-core-0.33.1  
Parsing documentation for claide-0.6.1  
Installing ri documentation for claide-0.6.1  
Parsing documentation for colored-1.2  
Installing ri documentation for colored-1.2  
Parsing documentation for xcodeproj-0.17.0  
Installing ri documentation for xcodeproj-0.17.0  
Parsing documentation for cocoapods-downloader-0.6.1  
Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-downloader-0.6.1  
Parsing documentation for cocoapods-plugins-0.2.0  
Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-plugins-0.2.0  
Parsing documentation for cocoapods-try-0.3.0  
Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-try-0.3.0  
Parsing documentation for netrc-0.7.7  
Installing ri documentation for netrc-0.7.7  
Parsing documentation for cocoapods-trunk-0.1.4  
Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-trunk-0.1.4  
Parsing documentation for escape-0.0.4  
Installing ri documentation for escape-0.0.4  
Parsing documentation for open4-1.3.4  
Installing ri documentation for open4-1.3.4  
Parsing documentation for cocoapods-0.33.1  
Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-0.33.1  
17 gems installed

在安装进程结束的时候，执行命令：

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pod setup

如果没有报错，就说明一切安装就成功了！

如果出现下面的错误：

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error: Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by merge:
 CocoaPods-version.yml
 Specs/BCMagicMoveTransition/1.0.2/BCMagicMoveTransition.podspec.json
Please commit your changes or stash them before you merge.

执行下面的命令：

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cd ~/.cocoapods/repos/master
git reset HEAD --hard

升级CocoaPod

升级很简单，再次执行安装命令即可：

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sudo gem install -n /usr/local/bin cocoapods

需要注意的是，如果安装的时候使用了sudo，升级的时候一样需要使用该关键字，不然升级完了以后又会出现路径不匹配问题。

CocoaPods使用

使用很简单如在终端输入：

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pod search AFNetworking

结果返回：Setting up CocoaPods master repo

嚓，知道吗？我等了足足半个小时。所以请耐心等待.

半小时之后返回：

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Setup completed (read-only access)
-> AFNetworking (2.3.1)
   A delightful iOS and OS X networking framework.
   pod 'AFNetworking', '~> 2.3.1'
   - Homepage: https://github.com/AFNetworking/AFNetworking
   - Source:   https://github.com/AFNetworking/AFNetworking.git
   - Versions: 2.3.1, 2.3.0, 2.2.4, 2.2.3, 2.2.2, 2.2.1, 2.2.0, 2.1.0, 2.0.3, 2.0.2, 2.0.1,
   2.0.0, 2.0.0-RC3, 2.0.0-RC2, 2.0.0-RC1, 1.3.4, 1.3.3, 1.3.2, 1.3.1, 1.3.0, 1.2.1, 1.2.0,
   1.1.0, 1.0.1, 1.0, 1.0RC3, 1.0RC2, 1.0RC1, 0.10.1, 0.10.0, 0.9.2, 0.9.1, 0.9.0, 0.7.0,
   0.5.1 [master repo]
   - Sub specs:
     - AFNetworking/Serialization (2.3.1)
     - AFNetworking/Security (2.3.1)
     - AFNetworking/Reachability (2.3.1)
     - AFNetworking/NSURLConnection (2.3.1)
     - AFNetworking/NSURLSession (2.3.1)
     - AFNetworking/UIKit (2.3.1)
-> AFNetworking+AutoRetry (0.0.3)
   Auto Retries for AFNetworking requests
   pod 'AFNetworking+AutoRetry', '~> 0.0.3'
   - Homepage: https://github.com/shaioz/AFNetworking-AutoRetry
   - Source:   https://github.com/shaioz/AFNetworking-AutoRetry.git
   - Versions: 0.0.3, 0.0.2, 0.0.1 [master repo]
-> AFNetworking+streaming (0.5)
   A very quick extension to AFNetworking that adds stream based parsing
   pod 'AFNetworking+streaming', '~> 0.5'
   - Homepage: https://github.com/deanWombourne/AFNetworking-streaming
   - Source:   https://github.com/deanWombourne/AFNetworking-streaming.git
   - Versions: 0.5, 0.4, 0.3, 0.2, 0.1 [master repo]
   - Sub specs:
     - AFNetworking+streaming/Core (0.5)
     - AFNetworking+streaming/Json (0.5)
-> AFNetworking-MUResponseSerializer (1.0.0)
   Automatically serialize JSON response to your object model. It also works with
   NSManagedObjects.
   pod 'AFNetworking-MUResponseSerializer', '~> 1.0.0'
   - Homepage: https://github.com/Ulianko/AFNetworking-MUResponseSerializer
   - Source:   https://github.com/Ulianko/AFNetworking-MUResponseSerializer.git
   - Versions: 1.0.0 [master repo]
-> AFNetworking-RACExtensions (0.1.4)
   AFNetworking-RACExtensions is a delightful extension to the AFNetworking classes for iOS
   and Mac OS X.
   pod 'AFNetworking-RACExtensions', '~> 0.1.4'
   - Homepage: https://github.com/CodaFi/AFNetworking-RACExtensions
   - Source:   https://github.com/CodaFi/AFNetworking-RACExtensions.git
   - Versions: 0.1.4, 0.1.2, 0.1.1, 0.0.1 [master repo]
-> AFNetworking-ReactiveCocoa (0.0.2)
   Make AFNetworking reactive.
   pod 'AFNetworking-ReactiveCocoa', '~> 0.0.2'
   - Homepage: https://github.com/uasi/AFNetworking-ReactiveCocoa
   - Source:   https://github.com/uasi/AFNetworking-ReactiveCocoa.git
   - Versions: 0.0.2, 0.0.1 [master repo]
-> AFNetworking-Synchronous (0.2.0)
   Synchronous requests for AFNetworking
   pod 'AFNetworking-Synchronous', '~> 0.2.0'
   - Homepage: https://github.com/paulmelnikow/AFNetworking-Synchronous
   - Source:   https://github.com/paulmelnikow/AFNetworking-Synchronous.git
   - Versions: 0.2.0, 0.1.0 [master repo]
-> AFNetworking2-RACExtensions (0.0.1)
   AFNetworking-RACExtensions is a delightful extension to the AFNetworking classes for iOS
   and Mac OS X.
   pod 'AFNetworking2-RACExtensions', '~> 0.0.1'
   - Homepage: https://github.com/knshiro/AFNetworking-RACExtensions
   - Source:   https://github.com/knshiro/AFNetworking-RACExtensions.git
   - Versions: 0.0.1 [master repo]
-> CollectionUtils-AFNetworking (1.0.1)
   CollectionUtils additions for AFNetworking.
   pod 'CollectionUtils-AFNetworking', '~> 1.0.1'
   - Homepage: https://github.com/kishikawakatsumi/CollectionUtils
   - Source:   https://github.com/kishikawakatsumi/CollectionUtils.git
   - Versions: 1.0.1, 1.0.0 [master repo]
-> CollectionUtils-AFNetworking-1.3 (1.0.1)
   CollectionUtils additions for AFNetworking 1.3.x.
   pod 'CollectionUtils-AFNetworking-1.3', '~> 1.0.1'
   - Homepage: https://github.com/kishikawakatsumi/CollectionUtils
   - Source:   https://github.com/kishikawakatsumi/CollectionUtils.git
   - Versions: 1.0.1, 1.0.0 [master repo]

为自己的项目创建 podspec 文件

我们可以为自己的开源项目创建 podspec 文件，首先通过如下命令初始化一个podspec文件：

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pod spec create your_pod_spec_name

该命令执行之后，CocoaPods 会生成一个名为 your_pod_spec_name.podspec 的文件，然后我们修改其中的相关内容即可。

使用私有的 pods

我们可以直接指定某一个依赖的 podspec ，这样就可以使用公司内部的私有库。该方案有利于使企业内部的公共项目支持 CocoaPods。如下是一个示例：

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pod 'MyCommon', :podspec => 'https://us.com/common/myCommon.podspec'